Which of the following composers did NOT typically adhere to the principles of neoclassicism?

The correct choice indicates that Schoenberg did not typically adhere to the principles of neoclassicism. Neoclassicism, which gained prominence in the 20th century, is characterized by a return to the aesthetic values of the classical era, emphasizing clarity, balance, and structured forms while often drawing inspiration from earlier musical traditions.

Schoenberg, known for his development of the twelve-tone technique and his exploration of atonality, represents a departure from traditional harmonic practices that are often inherent in neoclassical compositions. His approach was revolutionary, seeking to break away from the constraints of tonality that neoclassicism aimed to recover and reinterpret.

In contrast, Prokofiev and Stravinsky actively engaged with neoclassical styles in some of their works, incorporating classical forms and elements into their compositions. Berg, while associated with the Second Viennese School like Schoenberg, also experimented with tonality and atonality but occasionally integrated neoclassical ideas, particularly in his later works. Thus, Schoenberg stands out as the composer who did not align with the neoclassical movement's emphasis on classicism.